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11

2023

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05

White Horse Temple

Keywords:

Luoyang,White Horse Temple

Source: internal company


White Horse Temple, located on the side of National Highway 310, White Horse Town, Luolong District, Luoyang City, Henan Province, was built in the eleventh year of Yongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 68). It was the first official temple built after Buddhism was introduced to China. White Horse Temples is the "source" and "ancestral court" of temples in China, Vietnam, Korea, Japan, and European and American countries.

 

White Horse Temple spread Buddhism to North Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia, popularized Buddhism in Asia, and later entered Europe and the United States, becoming a holy place for Buddhist believers from all over the world to visit. Therefore, since the end of the 20th century, Japan has donated money to rebuild the bell tower of White Horse Temple and erected a statue of Kukai; the governments of Thailand, India, and Myanmar have successively invested in the construction of Buddhist temples, making it the only international temple in the world with Buddhist temples in the styles of China, India, Myanmar, and Thailand. Monks from South Korea, Singapore, and Malaysia all came here to receive precepts, and the United States, Germany, and Canada all attended the abbot's ascension ceremony. As the most internationalized temple, White Horse Temple is truly "the best temple in the world."

 

On March 4, 1961, White Horse Temple was announced as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In 1983, White Horse Temple was identified by the State Council as a national key temple of Han Buddhism. In January 2001, White Horse Temple in Luoyang was named as the first batch of AAAA-level scenic spots by the National Tourism Administration.

 

 

1. Origin
In the tenth year of Yongping (67 years), two eminent Indian monks were invited to return to Luoyang, the capital, together with the envoys of the Eastern Han Dynasty, carrying Buddhist scriptures and Buddha statues on white horses. In the second year, Emperor Ming ordered the construction of a monastery in Luoyang. To commemorate the white horse carrying the scriptures, it was named "White Horse Temple". After the establishment of the White Horse Temple, the Chinese "Monastery" was generally called "Temple", and the White Horse Temple was therefore considered to be the birthplace of Chinese Buddhism.

 

2. Architectural layout

2.1 Chinese ancient buildings
The ancient building area of White Horse Temple sits north and faces south, in a symmetrical pattern with a regular layout. The main buildings in the temple are distributed on the central axis. From south to north, there are Shanmen, Tianwang Hall, Great Buddha Hall, Daxiong Hall, Jieyin Hall and Qingliang Terrace. There are Bell and Drum Towers, Gate Hall, Yunshui Hall, Guest Hall, Zhaitang, ancestral hall, meditation hall, abbot's courtyard and other ancillary buildings.

 

 

 

2.2 Thailand Buddha Temple Court
In 1992, Thailand presented a gilded copper Buddha with a height of 7.2 meters and a weight of 8 tons to White Horse Temple. Later, it invested in the construction of a Thai Buddhist temple with White Horse Temple, which was completed in 1995. The expansion was carried out in May 2010 and completed in 2014. The Thai Buddhist Temple Garden is located on the west side of the ancient building area of White Horse Temple in Luoyang. It is 108 meters long and wide. The main buildings in the garden include the stupa, the four-faced Buddha, the Great Buddha Hall, the museum, the circulation office, the bell and drum towers, and the pavilion. The second floor of the stupa is dedicated to the relics of Sakyamuni Buddha.

 

2.3 Indian Buddhist Temple Court
In April 2006, the construction of the Indian Buddhist Temple started. After tens of months of careful construction, a grand completion ceremony of the Indian-style Buddhist Temple was held in 2010. The Great Buddha Hall was built in imitation of the famous Indian Buddhist site Sangchi Pagoda, with a ratio of 1:1. It covers an area of 6,000 square meters, with a construction area of 3,450 square meters. The main buildings include the Great Buddha Hall, corridors, archways, etc.

 

 

2.4 Myanmar Pagoda Garden
The foundation stone was laid in 2012 and the project was completed in June 2014. The Myanmar Buddhist Pagoda Garden imitates the style of the Mandalay Palace. It is 108 meters long from north to south and 65 meters wide from east to west, with a total area of 7020 square meters. The main building, the Shwedagon Pagoda in Myanmar, was built in a reduced size following the regulations of the Shwedagon Pagoda in Yangon, with a height of 32.92 meters. The four Buddha statues enshrined in the pagoda are all Sakyamuni Buddha, clockwise from the east, they are Buddha's Enlightenment, Dharma, Giving, and Meditation. There are four large jade carvings inlaid on the walls around the hall, representing the four holy events of the Buddha's birth, enlightenment, preaching, and Nirvana. There are also 8 small jade carvings, showing the famous Buddhist statues of Myanmar's pagodas.

 

3. Cultural relics
Buddha bone relics: There are 2 Sakyamuni Buddha bone relics in the White Horse Temple, donated by Thailand and Sri Lanka respectively.
Buddha statues: Jade Buddha, Thai Buddha statues, Sakyamuni Buddha statues, ancient Chinese Buddhas, and reclining Jade Buddhas.
Eighteen Arhats: The existing statues of the "Eighteen Arhats" of the Yuan Dynasty in White Horse Temple are made by the traditional ancient craft of dry lacquer, which is the only group of dry lacquer in China.
Ancient inscriptions: More than 40 ancient inscriptions are preserved.

 

4. Temple activities
The Bell of the Horse Temple: The annual "Bell of the Horse Temple" event at the White Horse Temple is a special symbol of people praying for blessings and saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new. It attracts many foreign tourists to participate, and is selected as one of the "Eight Scenic Spots of Luoyang".
Initiate novice: People from all over the world are initiated into monkhood.

 

(Content resource:Baidu Encyclopedia

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